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The liberation of Friesland 1
The liberation of Friesland 1
In early April, it became clear that the liberation of Friesland was imminent. Although the province had not suffered a real Hunger Winter like other parts of the Netherlands, there were severe shortages of just about everything. And the terror of the occupying forces was growing. This also led to increased resistance against the occupying forces. The battle between the two was tougher than ever in early 1945.
In Friesland, assault groups known as Knokploegen (KP) were responsible for most acts of resistance. But there were other groups too. On the orders of the Dutch government in London, all these groups were merged into the Dutch Domestic Armed Forces (NBS). In Friesland, this happened on 12 December 1944.
The NBS, popularly referred to as the BS, gave the armed resistance an organisation with a clear structure. The NBS was also supposed to play a role in the upcoming liberation. To this end, resistance groups were provided with weapons from autumn 1944. These were dropped from the air.
On 8 April, Radio Orange broadcast the message "The bottle is empty." This was the signal for the NBS to start carrying out sabotage operations 36 hours later. The aim was to make it as difficult as possible for the Germans to defend themselves against the approaching Allied forces.
The resistance did this by putting bridges and railways out of order, blocking waterways and blocking roads. The response of the occupying forces was ruthless. In retaliation, dozens more prisoners were shot at different times and places.Once the Canadians entered Friesland on 12 April, they were supported extremely effectively by the Frisian resistance. Because it was superbly organised, they were able to help the Canadians take control of important bridges, repair damaged bridges, and advise on the most favourable route.
By 18 April, the whole province was liberated except for the Wadden Islands (these were liberated in late May and in June). Compared to other provinces, there was little fighting in Friesland. Overall, the few thousand German troops who had been unable to flee Friesland were defeated by the Canadians relatively quickly.
The commander of the Royal Canadian Dragoons, Lieutenant Colonel Landell, praised the actions of the resistance by stating "Friesland liberated herself." While that may be a bit of an exaggeration, the actions of the Frisian resistance undoubtedly accelerated the liberation. And reduced the number of casualties on the Allied side.
In confrontations with German troops and their Dutch accomplices, at least 31 resistance fighters lost their lives. On the Allied side, at least eleven Canadians and one Frenchman were killed. The fighting and shelling also resulted in dozens of civilian casualties. The number of casualties on the German side is not known, but probably ran into the hundreds. With 320 houses destroyed and 4,000 damaged and 80 bridges destroyed, Friesland was materially the least damaged province in the Netherlands.
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Glasatelier Johannes Boersma
Glasatelier Johannes Boersma
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‘t Hof van Loeve
‘t Hof van Loeve
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Historisch Hotel Hurdegaryp
Historisch Hotel Hurdegaryp
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Jan Cooks 4 you
Jan Cooks 4 you
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Noarderleech Visitor Centre
Noarderleech Visitor Centre
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St Vitus church Wetsens
St Vitus church Wetsens
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Martinuskerk Gytsjerk
Martinuskerk Gytsjerk
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Hervormde Kerk Westergeest
Hervormde Kerk Westergeest
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Ljeppershiem Vakantiepark
Ljeppershiem Vakantiepark
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Waddenhuisverhuur Gastenverblijf WolThús
Waddenhuisverhuur Gastenverblijf WolThús
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Veenkloosterbos Forest on Fogelsangh State Country Estate
Veenkloosterbos Forest on Fogelsangh State Country Estate
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Kleine Wielen - Vogelkijkhut
Kleine Wielen - Vogelkijkhut
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Kerk van Brantgum
Kerk van Brantgum
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Petting zoo De Naturij
Petting zoo De Naturij
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Kaaskoperij Damwoude
Kaaskoperij Damwoude
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Weidelandschap rondom Gytsjerk
Weidelandschap rondom Gytsjerk
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Soestpolder Nature Reserve
Soestpolder Nature Reserve
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It Wikelslân Nature Reserve at De Alde Feanen National Park
It Wikelslân Nature Reserve at De Alde Feanen National Park
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Grand Café Hotel van der Meer
Grand Café Hotel van der Meer
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Siblu Villages Lauwersoog
Siblu Villages Lauwersoog
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Wite en Swarte Brekken - Uitkijktoren
Wite en Swarte Brekken - Uitkijktoren
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Veerpont Zonnepont Schalkediep (Suawoude)
Veerpont Zonnepont Schalkediep (Suawoude)
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Craft cotton printing factory, Kleine Lijn
Craft cotton printing factory, Kleine Lijn
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Vakantiehuisje Peazemerlannen
Vakantiehuisje Peazemerlannen
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Toeristisch Informatie Punt Lauwersoog
Toeristisch Informatie Punt Lauwersoog
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Schuilenburg Beach
Schuilenburg Beach
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Veerpont Lauwersoog
Veerpont Lauwersoog
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't Stee fan Anne P.
't Stee fan Anne P.
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Gerbrich's SUP verhuur
Gerbrich's SUP verhuur
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Het Raadsel van de Wadden
Het Raadsel van de Wadden
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Boerderij Groot Kahool
Boerderij Groot Kahool
